Wednesday, January 16, 2019

ICS Risk & Audit Methodology Project on (Highway /road) Traffic control systems


Description of Industry
            The transport industry is a beneficial and important industry to the development of a given state or country. The overall convey of resources require the physical transportation. The undertaking of nation activities for the benefits o f the citizen will demand the monitoring and controlling. Almost every activity entailing physical resources as the inputs will have to take to apply and get the services of the transport industry. Therefore, the industry defines the locomotion of the human kind from one point to another for individual purpose or for the duties of the state. The transport industry gets defined by the movement by the means of road and railway, means of air and water. In all nations worldwide, the major means of transport is road transport. The road transport includes the developed super highways, overall tarmac roads, and the all-weather roads (Dell, Moseley & Rand, 2014).
            The road transport mode requires a less capital outlay in comparison to other transport modes such as the railway and air. The most getting to construct, operate as well as maintain the road is relatively low in comparison to others. It means the normal citizen will get to pay less tax for the establishment of a road than any other mode of transport. Consider the delivery mode of the road transport mode. The citizen gets to have the delivery of door to door service such that the resources get delivered to the doorsteps of the end user. This will get to have the easy in the conveying of the products which reduce the carnage, loading and the unloading expenses. The road transport mode is useful for the service delivery in the remote that is the rural areas. This mode of transport is suitable for the carrying of the goods and the people from and to the rural areas where neither the rail, water nor air transport modes get not served. The agricultural products get to the markets through the use of the road as the means of transport. The society gets to enjoy the road transport because of the flexibility that the transport mode gets to offer than the other transport modes. The flexibility of the transport mode gets in the sense that the routes and the timings with the mode can get adjusted to suit the requirements of the end user without the causing of inconvenience to the other operators (RC Agarwal Transportation, n.d).

            It gets understood that road transport is the most suitable when it comes to the movement within the short distances. The transport mode is more economic to the users over the short distances and it is quicker for the carry of the goods and the persons. The issue of delays felt at the airport or the railways cannot get felt as the delays in the conveying of the goods within the short distances get avoided. Since, goods get loaded into the vehicle and get transported straight to the destination place without the stoppage in any case. The risk of the damage to the transit is less felt with the application of the road transport in the most cases where the damage can get felt during the loading, unloading or in the case of accident otherwise it gets to reduce the risk of damage. Furthermore, the road transport mode gets to save the parking cost as well as the less space required for packing unlike the specially designed places for parking of ships and crafts. Also, the speed of the road transport is faster as compared to the transport mode of railway and the water transport mode. It gets to have the delivery of the good within the scheduled period of time.

Industrial Control system processes

            The road traffic control system takes to employ the Intelligent Transport system for the overall provision of monitoring and controlling the transport flow on the highways. Several application system processes may get employed to facilitate the overall road traffic control system. The industrial control system process gets provided by the sub-component application that forms the Intelligent Transport system that can get employed as a highway traffic control system. The Intelligent Transport system network takes to apply some vital components for the provision of the service to the transport industry. The Intelligent Transport system centre applies the operations control centre that takes to monitor the traffic with the array of the system components with the deployment of the ground recovery crew to the motorists and the other road users in the cases of distress. The operations control centre gets to alert the road users more so the motorists through the conveyance of the information in the form of electronic message signs. Therefore, the Intelligent Transport system takes to provide the traffic control signals, monitoring of the traffic within the highways, the incidence management, and the overall tunnel and highway monitoring through the provision of the real-time information for the traffic advisory purposes.
            The expressway monitoring and advisory system (EMAS) is an Intelligent Transport system application process that takes to monitor the traffic along the most express highways, alerting the road users such as the motorists of the traffic incidences and the provision of the appropriate swift response to the traffic incident. EMAS is a type of intelligent incidence management tool that takes to aid in the management of the traffic along the express highways. The intelligent system takes to detect the accidents within the highway, the vehicle and road applications that get to break down and other incidents on the road. On the detection, the system gets to provide the appropriate information to the response to ensure that the response if as fast as possible to restore the normal traffic flow on the roads. In this case, the EMAS intelligent system takes to work within real time scenarios where the information of the travelling time from the entry point to the highway to the selected exit from the highway. From the expression of the system applications, the application processes get to have the provision of the quick response control to the incidences that gets to arise within the roads. Furthermore, the EMAS application takes to minimize the congestion that may arise from the incidences through the provision of the information to the public to avoid the areas where the incidence has occurred. And the application processes takes to provide the overall safety on the highways. The EMAS applications take to operate with the undertaking of operations at the control centre with the employment of the surveillance cameras that will check out of the incidents that happens on the road. On the detection of the incidence, the vehicle recovery crew gets activated to the site of incidence that will ensure the less interruption of the traffic flow. The provision of the information to the road users takes to apply the road signboards with different colours displays that mean a particular occurrence or what the end user of the road is expected to learn. The signboards may include the CTE, ECP, KJE and AYE. However, the signboards along the highway should get enhanced for the improvement of the message readability by the road users such as the motorists.
            The junction electronic eyes (J-Eyes) is another Intelligent Transport system process application that is essential for the provision of monitoring capabilities within the roads. The junction electronic eyes (J-Eyes) application defines the surveillance cameras that get installed within the junctions of the road to monitor the traffic conditions on the road. The number of the surveillance cameras will get to depend on the distance to get covered for monitoring within the road though the spacing should be logical to provide the close monitoring. Once more the junction electronic eyes (J-Eyes) application takes to operate on a real-time basis to provide the appropriate aid to the operations executive at the overall traffic control centre for the monitoring and verification of the traffic conditions. The system takes to provide the information for the enhancing the travelling experience of the road users. The junction electronic eyes (J-Eyes) take to operate by mounting the surveillance cameras on the specially provided poles, the street lampposts and traffic light poles at the strategic positions of the road junctions. The surveillance cameras can pan, tilt, zoom and capture the real- time video images for the capture of the traffic condition information.
            The other Intelligent Transport system application component is the Green link Determining (GLIDE) System. The Green link Determining (GLIDE) System takes to provide the controlling mechanisms to all traffic signals. The traffic flow gets to change the response to the adjusting of the green light time accordingly in particular. The Green link Determining (GLIDE) System further gets to link the adjacent traffic signals for the benefit of getting vehicles to move from one junction to another junction with the minimal stops over the move. The benefits of the Green link Determining (GLIDE) System gets felt with the easy allocation of the green light time for the road users based on the demand. It gets o provide the green wave at the linked adjacent junctions to have the minimization of the number of stops by the vehicles moving from one junction to the other junction. And the Green link Determining (GLIDE) System once more gets to allow the traffic signal faults get rectified faster than before. The Green link Determining (GLIDE) System works by detecting the presence of the vehicles and the pedestrians at the junctions of the highway and gets to allocate the green time basing on the traffic volume in comparison of the volumes in all directions. The detection gets achieved by laying down a wire sensor at the junction to sense the vehicles as the stepping on the wire gets to cause the change in the magnetic field that activates the local control which later adjusts the green time to the direction with a high volume of traffic. The pedestrians get to press the button within the traffic signal pole for which the green man light will get to appear at a fixed time.
            The traffic scan application, on the other hand, is an advanced intelligent transport system that is capable of updating the travel information on the roads for the benefit of the road users. The traffic scan system works by getting the road users such as taxis equipped with a special application of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The Global Positioning System (GPS) provides the information of the locations to the users and the speed they get required to travel at along the roads. This information gets collected for the provision of the average traffic speed along the road. The system enables the road users to have the information to plan on the appropriate route to apply.

The industrial control system devices applied within the Traffic control system

The traffic control light.

            The traffic control light takes to provide the control to the road users on the taxiways conjoining the active primary runway. The device has three lights, Green, Red and Yellow. The green light indicates to the operator that it is free to proceed straight through or either take a proceeding through left or right turn unless the same sign gets to inhibit the either of the turns. The red colour of the TCL indicates to the operator to stop and remain intact until they get given the proceeding power. The yellow light applied for the communication of getting to alert the road users of the preparation to the termination o the red and almost having the green light. The TLC gets characterized with long range visibility to the road users to easily see the color light. Require low maintenance and energy sufficient with the standard consumption of 100 W.

The LED Inset Runway Guard Light (LITG)

            A traffic control system device applied in the monitoring. The LITG takes to monitoring the electronic device that gets to return the information of the open circuit isolation transformer in the case of luminous LED source or the control board fails.. the current LITG devices have the specifications of:
§  ICAO: Annex 14 of type of volume 1
§  FAA: the L-852G (L) with the AC150/5345-46 number and EB of registration NO. 67
§  IEC standard: TS 61827
§  NATO: STANAG 3316
§  CAA: CAP 168
Dimensions of 12” diameter, a protrusion of the device of 6.35 mm and the base depth of the LITG is 125mm. They in varieties of codes TWGLF, LITG, TWSBF, LITS-01, and LITC-001

Noptel - Laser Sensors for Traffic Control

            The laser sensor takes to play several responsibilities in taking to monitor some aspects within the road. The device works on both approaching vehicles and the departing vehicles. It gets to apply the technology of laser pulse flight time technology that gets to have the high-speed measuring of the distances to the surfaces that have a poor reflection. The sensors are of small size, the highest level of reliability and the low power consumption. They come in a variety of CMP52 and the Speeder X1 sensors. The CMP52 is a reliable and accurate sensor for a wide variety of the traffic controls and law enforcement and applications that get to have many demanding measurement tasks. They get applied to the detection of vehicles, in the LPR camera triggering, the vehicle classification according to the defined nodes and the speed enforcements within the highway.
            The Speeder X1 laser sensor utilizes the capability of the dual laser transmitter that gets to have the traffic control system operators capture the vehicle profile of the overlapping vehicle for the purpose of enforcing the speed of the vehicle and also the height of the vehicle as well as the length determination of the vehicle. Both of the sensors models gets characterized with a high protection level of the IP67, they have the specification of the serial interfaces of RS-232, and the RS-422, and also the LAN interface provision and support in the case it gets requested or inclusion.
            The sensors get installed above the road overpasses, bridges and gantries or on the top of the post beside the road for the one device applying to a single lane. The CMP52 can get applied for single lanes or multiple lanes with the installation on the low post at the side of the road. The applications of the sensors within the traffic control system include the speed enforcement, vehicle detection and counting, vehicle classification according to the mode provided. Also, the intersection control, the queue of the traffic density control, entrance control and the overall traffic information system all are under the applications of the sensors.

The Speed Humps

            The device is under the parking accessories that get designed with the compliance to the set industry standards, application of high-grade manufacturing materials and the advanced production technology. They get to have some specification according to the manufacturers. The speed humps get designed from the high-grade materials that are of a quality to withstand the adverse climatic condition. They get applied to the highway to reduce the reduce accidents and control the speed.
            The speed humps get characterized with water resistance, high security, and the low identification error.

Speed breakers

            The devices still under the parking accessories and gets to aid in the controlling and prevention of accident occurrence with the cutting of speed of the road users

Surveillance security camera

            The security surveillance cameras come with the features to address the image quality, a longer life and smooth functioning with the coming with different specifications for the suiting of the client needs. They provide the monitoring to the parking and at the roundabout. The cameras get featured with reliable performance, high colour contrast and excellent picture quality.

The Box IP security cameras

            The security camera model takes to apply the internet protocol in the transmission of the data. They get stipulated with the duty to aid in the observation of the happenings within the road and the provision of the overall security required. The Box IP security camera requires the operation and monitoring by the quality and qualified controller to get the security device operate with the maintaining of the accepted standards. The security camera gets characterized by the unique designs, a high resolution and the capabilities of the weather proof.

IP CCTV security cameras

            The security cameras get developed to work the same as the Box IP security cameras with the operations over an internet protocol for the purposes of the communication and data conveyance. They require the professionals of managing and operating the device and it gets featured with an excellent performance, low maintenance costs and the compact designs.

Vehicle tracking system

            The vehicle tracking system is applied to track vehicles and for the provisional of the overall security concerns addressing. The device gets operated and controlled by the quality and qualified team for the device to get to work within the accepted global standards. The vehicle tracking system gets characterized with the reliable performance, the possession of the compact structure and the optimum functionality.

Security concerns

            The control and monitoring system gets to rely on the defined network within the central control centre. It, therefore, gets to have the network related security threats. Also, the controlling and monitoring devices get installed outdoor and the physical security should get to be among the concerns to the equipment. The highway traffic control system gets to incorporate different system application processes that need to get addressed for the definition of the related threats. Attacks on the industrial control system equipment are the primary security threat that gets to have the organizations applying the industrial control systems. The intruders get to have the compromise of the service delivered by the system and hamper the controlling process as well as the monitoring process that defines the denial of service. The attackers get to claim at times to have the legitimate operation of the system instead to cause the confusion to the system that will fail the whole process. Cyber security is another security concern that the management team should get involved to curb on the network that provides the mechanisms of the industrial control systems to operate. The equipment involved in the implementation of the highway traffic control system gets exposed to the risk of getting stolen or damaged as they get installed along the highway. It gets to have the proper definition of policies and procedures to have the governing of the same as poor policy and procedure governing is another concern to the industrial control systems (Senstar., 2014).

Industrial control system security best practices

            The practices done to the industrial control system of the intelligent transport system application for the highway traffic control system should get to have the mechanism of protecting the network that the system runs and the overall hardware involved in the provision of the traffic control within the roads. The surveillance cameras, signboards and the green time equipment are that the risk of getting stolen. Once the application hardware gets stolen, then the service delivery of alerting the road users and controlling the traffic gets cut off. This will render the road into the highest confusion and risk of causing accidents. The delays will get observed from the abrupt jam that will get people close to meet time of undertaking the prospected tasks. The mitigation to the protection of the physical hardware of the highway traffic control system includes the implementation of the physical security of the equipment and the installation within the gadgets that provides security against human and the environment effect. Also, the policies and procedures to govern the overall control system should get defined accordingly (NIST, 2011).

Vulnerability Continuous monitoring strategy

            The vulnerabilities of the highway traffic control system should get identified through the investigation of the susceptibility of the system resources and have an advanced vulnerability management mechanisms. The mechanisms should get the management team through the making sure that all applications are up to date and are functioning accordingly. Furthermore, the identification of the threats after which the determination of the techniques to curb and reduce the impact of them to the system get enacted within the whole system (Reich & Gelbstein, 2012)

Dell, R., Moseley, P. T., & Rand, D. A. J. (2014). Towards sustainable road transport.

NIST (2011). Guide to Industrial Control System (ICS) Security. 
RC Agarwal Transportation. (n.d). Advantages and Disadvantages of Road Transport. 
Reich, P. C., & Gelbstein, E. (2012). Law, policy, and technology: Cyberterrorism, information warfare, and Internet immobilization. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.
Senstar. (2014). Cyber Threats in Physical security . understanding and mitigating the risk. 
Weiss, J. (2010). Protecting industrial control systems from electronic threats. New York: Momentum Press.

Sherry Roberts is the author of this paper. A senior editor at MeldaResearch.Com in cheap term papers if you need a similar paper you can place your order from top research paper writing companies.

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